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    • 专利摘要:
    Fuel compositions with enhanced cold properties and methods of preparing them. Methods of preparing a diesel fuel mixture that has enhanced cold properties; methods for reducing the turbidity point of an average distillation mineral fuel; and mixtures of diesel fuels comprising a mixture of a renewable fuel and a mineral fuel of medium distillation. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2677609A2
    申请号:ES201830061
    申请日:2018-01-24
    公开日:2018-08-03
    发明作者:Markku KURONEN；Ulla Kiiski
    申请人:Neste Oyj；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    FUEL COMPOSITIONS WITH POTENTIATED COLD PROPERTIES AND SAME PREPARATION METHODS
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to fuel compositions that have enhanced cold properties that are mixtures of medium distillation mineral fuels and renewable fuels, as well as methods for their preparation.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Sufficient cold temperature performance throughout the year is an essential requirement of diesel fuels. Given the great variability of temperatures throughout the seasons and according to the geographical area, medium distillation fuels are mixed and adjusted to minimize problems that may arise in cold weather conditions, such as crystallization and solidification. of the fuel that affects the viscosity of the fuel, its volatility and its ability to pass through the fuel filters.
    The most important properties of fuels in relation to their operation at cold temperatures are the cloud point, the pour point and the cold blockage point. When the medium distillation fuel cools, it reaches its cloud point, which is the temperature at which the paraffin wax escapes from the solution and begins to form wax crystals in the fuel. It is recommended that the storage temperature of a fuel be higher than its turbidity point. When the fuel cools more, it finally reaches its pour point, which is the temperature at which the fuel stops flowing or the point at which the fuel gels or becomes a solid. The third important property of a medium distillation fuel is the clogging point of the cold filter, which is the lowest temperature at which the fuel can be filtered and can be used in vehicles without problems.
    Since a component with poor cold properties will be the one that dominates the mixture, said fuel will be improved by adding components that have better cold properties. The term "poor" or "poorer" refers to a value of the cloud point or the cold clogging point of a higher temperature and the term "better" refers to a value of the cloud point or the cold filter clogging point of a lower temperature.
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    Various approaches have been described to ensure that transport fuels have a good cold temperature operability. US Patent No. 9,006,501B2 discloses a process for producing a renewable fuel mixture, in which a biologically derived raw material is hydrotreated and normal (n-paraffin) paraffins of C14, C16 and C18 are recovered from the hydrotreated effluent and mixed with a medium renewable distillate. During said process, n-paraffins are added to the mixture in adequate amounts so that the mixture does not require a pour point reduction treatment to achieve a low pour point. This process is complicated by requiring a recovery stage of C14, C16 and C18 n-paraffins.
    US Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0163542 A1 discloses a synergistic fuel oil composition that enhances the operation at cold fuel temperatures. The composition comprises a component derived from oil and a renewable fuel component. Biodiesel, ethanol and biomass are mentioned as examples of renewable fuel sources. However, according to ASTM D7467, only 6% to 20% of biodiesel can be used in diesel equipment without modifications or only minor modifications.
    It is also generally known that biodiesel, eg, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), obtained through a trans-esterification process are inherently more sensitive to operation at cold temperatures compared to Typical petroleum derived fuels. In some cases, fatty acid methyl esters can cause increased emission of particles and smoke evolution in a cold driven engine. The volume of fatty acid methyl esters allowed in diesel fuels may also be limited. European standards EN 16734 and EN 16709 specify the requirements and test methods for diesel fuels containing fatty acid methyl esters. According to EN 16734, B10 diesel fuel is a diesel fuel containing only up to 10% by volume of fatty acid methyl esters. According to EN 16709, the higher fatty acid methyl ester diesel fuels (B20 and B30) contain only up to 20% by volume or 30% by volume of fatty acid methyl esters.
    European Patent EP1664249B1 discloses fuel compositions prepared by mixing petroleum-based kerosene fuels, and Fischer-Tropsch-based kerosene fuels. It reveals the finding that the freezing point of said mixture is lower than
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    freezing points of both components of the mixture. The components used in these fuel compositions do not have a biological basis, however.
    For the production of cold-based biofuels, alternative fuel compositions and mixing methods that are economical and have no volume restrictions as to the amount of the biologically based fuel are needed.
    The turbidity point of a fuel mixture is a highly non-linear combination of the turbidity point of the original fuels. According to the state of the art, a mixture will normally have a poorer turbidity point than the weighted average of the turbidity points of its components. Therefore, although the turbidity point of a fuel can be improved by adding a component that has a remarkably better cold property, the use of this component will cause an increase in the cost of production.
    Thus, there is a need for a method of producing fuels by mixing components economically. There is also a need for a mixture of fuels that have good cold properties and that are less expensive to produce.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    An objective of the present invention is to provide a method and means to alleviate the inconveniences that have been explained. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a mixture of diesel fuels that has enhanced cold properties; methods for reducing the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel and mixtures of diesel fuel comprising a mixture of a renewable fuel and a medium distillation mineral fuel. Also, the invention relates to the use of a renewable fuel, usually a hydrotreated medium renewable distillate to enhance the cold properties of a fuel composition comprising a medium mineral distillate.
    The invention is based on studies that evaluated the cold properties of mineral distillates, renewable fuels and mixtures thereof. It has been found that a combination of a medium distillation mineral fuel with a renewable fuel results in a boost of the turbidity point and the cold clogging point of the final mixed fuel. It has also been discovered that the cloud point and the filter blockage point in
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    cold of certain mixtures is lower than what would be estimated hypothetically from linear mixing based on the turbidity points of the fuels and lower than the turbidity point or the point of cold filter obstruction of both components of the mixture.
    More specifically, the mixture of diesel fuels of the present invention can be described as comprising a mixture of renewable fuel, such as a hydrotreated renewable medium distillate and a medium distillation mineral fuel in which the renewable fuel and the mineral distillation fuel average are present in a ratio of quantities by volume between 10:90 and 90:10 and the mixture of diesel fuels contains 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 so that the ratio between the sum of the% by weight amount of the iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the% by weight amount of the n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2. Experimentally, it has now been shown that the mixture of diesel fuels has a turbidity point that is lower than the weighted average of the turbidity points of the middle mineral distillate and the renewable fuel.
    The synergistic effect described herein was surprising. Normally, the mixture results in a cloud point or a cold filter clogging point that is greater (ie poorer) than the value of each component separately. This means an increase in the cost of production since it is more expensive to produce fuels that have better cold properties. But, in the present invention, the behavior of the described mixture can be used in the production of medium distillate using less expensive components with a poorer turbidity point to achieve the target turbidity point.
    Also, in the present invention, the amount of renewable or biocomponent component in a fuel composition does not have to be limited to a maximum of 7% by volume, according to EN 590: 2013 as required with biodiesel type fuels. ester, eg, fatty acid methyl esters. Although higher amounts of fatty acid methyl esters can be considered, they require extra precautions as they can affect the stability of the fuel, the cold properties, the dilution of the engine oil and the formation of deposits in the fuel injection systems.
    The present invention demonstrates that it is possible to mix biocomponents in the mixture in medium distillation mineral fuels with renewable fuels
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    such as hydrotreated renewable media distillates to improve the cold temperatures of the mixed fuel. This is demonstrated in the experimental part, in which the measured cold properties of the mixed fuel were better than the weighted average of the cold properties of its components.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    The invention will be described in greater detail with the preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings in which
    Figure 1 shows the behavior of the turbidity point in mineral diesel mixtures in which the line represents the turbidity points of the calculated mixtures and the diamonds, the measured values. The Y axis is the turbidity point (T; ° C) and the X axis is the percentage increase (% by volume of the total mixing volume) of the mineral diesel with a poorer turbidity point.
    Figure 2 shows the turbidity points of the mixture of Diesel 7 with the Renewable F and the Renewable G in which the line represents the turbidity points of the calculated mixtures, and the diamonds, the measured values, for the Renewable F ( turbidity point -2 ° C) and for the squares for the Renewable G (turbidity point -28 ° C). The Y axis is the turbidity point (T; ° C) and the X axis is the percentage increase (% by volume of the total mixing volume) of the renewable materials.
    Figure 3 shows the behavior of the turbidity point of a renewable fuel mixture with a turbidity point of -28 ° C and a mineral diesel with a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C. The Y axis is the cloud point (T; ° C) and the X axis is the ratio (% by weight of the total paraffin content) between iso-paraffins and n-paraffins.
    Figure 4 shows the behavior of the turbidity point of the renewable fuel mixture with a turbidity point of -2 ° C and a mineral diesel with a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C. The Y axis is the cloud point (T; ° C) and the X axis is the ratio (% by weight of the total paraffin content) between iso-paraffins and n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 in said mixture of diesel fuels.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to fuel compositions in which the enhancement of the cold properties of the final mixed fuel composition is achieved by mixing a medium distillation mineral component with a renewable fuel component. The present invention also relates to a method for obtaining a mixture of diesel fuels having properties
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    cold enhanced; methods to reduce the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel; and diesel fuel mixtures comprising a mixture of a renewable fuel component and a medium distillation mineral fuel component.
    The term "cold properties" is used herein to refer to the turbidity point and the cold clogging point of a fuel. The turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel is the temperature at which they stop the heavier n-paraffins are soluble but precipitate from fuel giving it a cloudy appearance.The turbidity point transmits the lowest storage temperature for the fuel used and is an important parameter in the product specification. You can evaluate, by applying, for example, a method defined in ASTM D2500, D5771, D5772, D5773, D7689 or EN 23015. The point of cold filter clogging of a fuel is the temperature at which, or below the that the wax in the fuel causes severe restrictions when it flows through a filter. It is believed that the point of obstruction of the cold filter is quite correlated with the operability of the vehicle to lower temperatures The cold filter blockage point of petroleum fuels is normally evaluated by applying ASTM D6371 or EN 116. Both the cloud point and the cold filter blockage point are measured and given as a temperature (T, in this case ° C).
    The term "mineral" is used herein to refer to components or compositions of natural origin and derived from non-renewable sources. Examples of such non-renewable sources include petroleum oil or shale oil and combinations thereof. The term "mineral" also refers to waste from non-renewable sources.
    A medium distillate is normally a diesel or kerosene fuel. In the present invention, the middle mineral distillate is preferably mineral diesel. Diesel fuel is in general any liquid fuel used in diesel engines, whose ignition with fuel takes place without a spark as a result of the compression of the inlet air mixture and then the fuel injection. The most common type of diesel fuel is a specific fractional distillate of petroleum fuel oil. Distillation characteristics define how the fuel evaporates when rolled inside the combustion chamber of a diesel engine. The standards (eg, EN590) include information on typical distillation curves.
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    To distinguish them from renewable diesel fuels that are not derived from petroleum, diesel derived from petroleum is referred to herein as "mineral diesel" or "medium mineral distillate." It can also be called petrodiesel, fossil diesel or petroleum distillate, eg, mineral diesel can comprise atmospheric distillates or ford. The distillate may comprise cracked diesel or a mixture of any proportion of first distillation or thermally or catalytically cracked distillates. Distilled fuel can be subjected to further treatment, such as hydrogen treatment or other processes to improve fuel properties. Normally, mineral diesel comprises n- and iso-paraffins in 10-70% by weight, naphthenic in 10-50% by weight, mono-aromatic in 5-30% by weight, di-aromatic in 0- 10% by weight and other aromatics at 0-5% by weight.
    In the present invention, a hydrotreated renewable medium distilled component preferably comprises or consists of hydrotreated vegetable oil, hydrotreated animal fat, hydrotreated fish fat, hydrotreated fish oil, hydrotreated algae oil, hydrotreated microbial oil, hydrotreated wood and / or other oils derived from plants, waste and / or hydrotreated recyclable remains or a combination thereof. Preferably, the new renewable fuel raw material is selected from vegetable oils / fats, animal fats / oils, fish fats / oils, fats contained in plants generated by genetic manipulation, recycled fats from the food industry and combinations thereof. The hydrotreatment of vegetable oils or animal fats is an alternative process to esterification to produce biologically based medium distillation fuels. Hydrotreated renewable medium distillation fuels are also called "hydrotreated vegetable oil fuels", "hydrotreated renewable diets", "renewable fuels", "renewable dieseles" or "renewable diesel components", instead of "biodiesel", which It is reserved for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Chemically hydrotreated renewable medium distillates are mixtures of paraffinic hydrocarbons and have very small amounts of sulfur and aromatics. The cold properties of hydrotreated renewable medium distillates can be adjusted to meet local requirements by adjusting the amount of iso-paraffins by virtue of the severity of the process or additional catalytic processing.
    In the present invention, the isomerization ratio of the renewable fuel, such as the hydrotreated renewable medium distillate is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 60%. it's possible
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    achieve isomerization ratios of more than 80%, but they have drawbacks, such as the increase in the resources needed during production. Preferably, the isomerization ratio of the renewable fuel, such as a hydrotreated renewable medium distillate, is less than 69%, with advantageous intervals of 50 to 69 and 60 to 69% respectively. A higher isomerization ratio usually improves cold properties, but said hydrotreated renewable medium distillate consumes more resources during its production. The average of the isomerization ratios means the total sum of iso-paraffins (% by weight) divided by the total sum of paraffins (% by weight). Since hydrotreated renewable medium distillates are hydrocarbons, they can be used as conventional medium distillation fuels. The specifications of the fatty acid methyl ester (EN 14214, ASTM D6751) do not apply to hydrotreated renewable media distillates and, therefore, there is no limitation of the volume percentage in terms of the amount of hydrotreated renewable media distillates They can mix with diesel fuel.
    Specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel composition comprising a renewable fuel component that is mixed with a medium mineral distillate component, which are the main components of the diesel fuel mixture of the present invention. Certain amounts of iso-paraffins and n-paraffins in the range of C15 to C18 create mixtures that have good cold properties taking into account the resources used during production. The invention relates to a mixture of diesel fuels comprising a mixture of a renewable fuel and a medium distillation mineral fuel in which the renewable fuel and the medium distillation mineral fuel are present in a ratio of quantities in volume between 10 : 90 and 90:10 and the mixture of diesel fuels contains 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 so that the relationship between the sum of the amounts by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amount by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2.
    In one embodiment, the ratio between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is of 1.1 to 2.2. This composition creates good cold properties with a low consumption of resources during production. The percentages by weight given here for paraffins refer to the% by weight of the weight of the total mixture fuel.
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    In one embodiment, in the composition, the amount of each C15-C18 iso-paraffin is equal to or greater than 2.2% by weight of the total mass of the fuel composition and the amount of each C15-C18 n-paraffin is equal to or greater than 1.9% by weight of the total mass of the fuel composition. This composition creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production.
    Preferably, the amount of each C15-C18 n-paraffin is less than 10% by weight of the total mass of the fuel composition, more preferably less than 9.6% by weight, and most preferably equal to or less than 7 , 9% by weight. As referenced herein, C15-C18 paraffins are paraffins (straight or branched chain alkanes) that have a carbon number of 15, 16, 17 or 18. The number of carbons refers to the number of atoms of carbon in each paraffin molecule. This composition creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production.
    In one embodiment, the amount of at least one C15-C18 Iso-paraffin is equal to or greater than 3.0% by weight of the total mass of the fuel composition and the amount of at least one C15-n-paraffin. C18 is equal to or greater than 2.2% by weight of the total mass of the fuel composition. This composition creates good cold properties with a low consumption of resources during production.
    In one embodiment, a preferred fuel composition is obtained when the following equation for n-paraffins is satisfied. The weight percentage of the n-paraffins in the range of C16 to C18 in which the smallest weight percentage of the weight percentage of the n-paraffins in the range of C16 to C18 is subtracted from the largest divided weight percentage by the percentage by weight of the n-paraffins in the range of C16 to C18 with the percentage by weight greater is equal to or greater than 0.26 and preferably equal to or less than 0.45. In another embodiment, the amounts of n-paraffins C16 and C17 meet the equation 0.26 <(C16-C17) / C16 <0.45. This composition creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production.
    In one embodiment, a preferred fuel composition is obtained when the following equation for iso-paraffins is satisfied: the percentage by weight of the iso-paraffins in the range of C15 to C18 in which the smallest percentage by weight of the percentage by weight of the amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C15 to C18 with the percentage by weight greater divided by the percentage by weight of the iso-paraffins in the range of C15 to C18 with the percentage by weight greater is equal or greater than 0.49 and preferably equal to or less than 0.63. In other
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    In fact, the carbon number amounts of iso-paraffin C15 and C18 meet the equation 0.49 <(C18-C15) / C18 <0.63. This composition creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production.
    In one embodiment, the difference between turbidity point and / or cold filter obstruction point of the renewable fuel component and the average mineral distillate component is equal to or less than 17 ° C and more preferably, the difference ranges between 0 and 13 , 1 ° C. This difference creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production. Generally, the turbidity point and the cold filter blockage point of the mixture is lower than the calculated turbidity points (weighted average). The cold properties of the renewable fuel component may be better than the cold properties of the medium distillation mineral component. In the same way, the medium distillation mineral component may have better cold properties than the renewable fuel component in the mixture.
    The fuel composition may be a hydrocarbon fuel composition that may also contain additives such as those generally used. The volume of the sum of components of the renewable fuel and the average mineral distillate is normally at least 98%, preferably at least 99%, with at least 99.9% of the total fuel volume being mostly preferred, the rest being the additives generally used The medium distillation mineral component may comprise more than one mineral component and the renewable fuel component may comprise more than one renewable component. Preferably, the renewable fuel component is hydrotreated renewable medium distillate and the average mineral distillate component is mineral diesel.
    According to a specific embodiment, the volume of the sum of components of the renewable fuel and the average mineral distillate is at least 90% by volume, preferably at least 93% by volume. This type of mixture may contain other components compatible with diesel engines, such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in up to 10% by volume, preferably up to 7% by volume. This composition creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production and allows the use of a wider variety of components in the mix.
    The fuel may contain approximately 100% renewable fuel; however, in the present invention, the components of the renewable fuel and the mineral distillate are mixed in a percentage ratio in
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    volume below 100% (renewable: medium mineral distillate; 100: 0).
    Preferably, the components of the renewable fuel and mineral medium distillate are mixed in a volume percentage ratio of less than 90:10 (renewable fuel: mineral medium distillate). In one embodiment, the components of the renewable fuel and the medium mineral distillate are mixed in a ratio of percentage by volume from 20:80 to 80:20 (renewable fuel: medium mineral distillate). This composition creates good cold properties with a low consumption of resources during production. In another embodiment, the components of the renewable fuel and the middle mineral distillate are mixed in a ratio of percentage by volume from 20:80 to 60:40. This composition creates better cold properties with a low consumption of resources during production.
    In another embodiment, the diesel fuel mixture has from 22% by weight to 55% by weight of the total weight of iso-paraffin mixture fuel in the range of C14-C20. This creates good cold properties with low resource consumption during production.
    The invention also relates to the use of hydrotreated renewable fuels to enhance the cold properties of a fuel composition containing mineral medium distillate. The content of renewable fuel hydrotreated in a mixture of medium mineral distillate can be determined by 14C isotope methods, which allow people skilled in the art to distinguish between fossil and renewable carbon. The principles of this method can be found in the standard. ASTM D6866.
    Any blending fuel described can be produced through the method described below. Hereby, there is provided a method for obtaining a mixture of diesel fuels that has enhanced cold properties comprising selecting a renewable fuel and a medium distillation mineral fuel that have turbidity points that differ by more than 17 ° C, preferably at more than 13 ° C; and mixing the renewable fuel and the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of quantities in volume from 10:90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels, in which the diesel fuel mixture contains 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 so that the ratio between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14- C20 and the sum of the amounts by weight% of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2, preferably 1.1 to 2.2; and the mix
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    Diesel fuel has a turbidity point that is lower than the weighted average of the turbidity points of the middle mineral distillate and the renewable fuel.
    In one embodiment, a method of use is provided to reduce the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel comprising: determining the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel; select a renewable fuel that has a turbidity point that differs by more than 17 ° C, preferably more than 13 ° C from the turbidity point of the medium distillation mineral fuel; and mixing the renewable fuel and the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of volume quantities from 10:90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels that has a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of the medium distillation mineral fuel, in which in the mixture of diesel fuels it contains 10-25% by weight n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 so that the ratio between the sum of the amounts by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2 for form a mixture of diesel fuels that has a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of the middle mineral distillate.
    In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method of use for reducing the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel comprising: determining the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel; select a renewable fuel that has the following properties: (i) a turbidity point that differs by more than 17 ° C, preferably more than 13 ° C from the turbidity point of the medium distillation mineral fuel; (ii) an amount of n-paraffins sufficient to provide a mixture of diesel fuels containing 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the medium distillation mineral fuel ; and (iii) an amount of iso-paraffins in the C14-C20 range sufficient to provide a mixture of diesel fuels that has a ratio between the sum of the amounts by weight of iso-paraffins in the C14 range- C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 from 1.1 to 2.2 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the medium distillation mineral fuel; and mixing the renewable fuel with the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of volume quantities from 20.80 to 80.20 to form a mixture of diesel fuels having a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of the medium mineral distillate.
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    In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method of use for reducing the turbidity point of a renewable fuel comprising: determining the turbidity point of a renewable fuel; select a medium distillation mineral fuel that has a turbidity point that differs more than 17 ° C, preferably more than 13 ° C, from the turbidity point of the renewable fuel; and mixing the renewable fuel and the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of quantities in volume from 10: 90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels having a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of a renewable fuel, in which diesel fuel contains 1025% by weight n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 so that the ratio between the sum of the amounts by weight% of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts by weight% of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2, preferably 1.1 to 2.2, to form a mixture of diesel fuels that has a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of renewable fuel.
    It has been experimentally demonstrated that a mixture of diesel fuels that can be obtained through the method or the use described, has enhanced cold properties with respect to its components.
    EXAMPLES
    The examples set forth below serve to better illustrate the claimed invention and should not be construed as exhaustive of the scope of the invention. The degree to which specific materials are mentioned has a purely illustrative purpose without intending to limit the invention. Persons skilled in the art may develop equivalent means or reagents beyond without departing from the scope of the invention. It should be understood that many variations in the procedures described herein are possible in accordance with the limits of the present invention. It is the intention of the authors of the invention that such variations are included within the scope of the invention. The percentages by weight given in relation to the paraffins refer to% by weight of the total mixture fuel weight. The percentages in volume given in relation to the fuel components refer to the% by volume of the volume of total mixing fuel.
    Comparative Example 1
    To reduce the turbidity point of a medium mineral distillate (component
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    fossil fuel) that has a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C at -0.5 to -6 ° C it is necessary to add a second fuel component with a lower turbidity point to the fossil fuel component. Normally, when two or more components are mixed with different turbidity points, the final mixture has a higher turbidity point than would be expected based on the weighted average value of the turbidity points of the components. When 20% by volume of a renewable fuel component (renewable G) with a turbidity point of -28 ° C was mixed with the fossil component that had a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C, a point was achieved of turbidity of 6.6 ° C. The difference in the cloud point between this renewable fuel component and the fossil fuel component was greater than 17 ° C, which makes it a comparative example. Weight percentages of n-paraffins of the fuels mixed by gas chromatography were measured and are shown in Table 1, below.
    In the mixture, the total weight% of n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 was 9.18%, the total weight% of iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18 , C19 and C20 was 26.09% and the ratio of n-paraffins / iso-paraffins in the mixture was 2.84. The turbidity point of the mixture could be reduced even more when the amount of renewable fuel was increased with a turbidity point of -28 ° C to 40% by volume, 60% by volume and 80% by volume in the mixture. The turbidity points of the resulting mixtures at various volume percentages are shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the cloud point and the paraffin ratio for the mixtures. For all the relationships between renewable fuel and fossil fuel, however, the turbidity points of the mixtures were higher than those calculated according to the weighted average value of the turbidity points of the components (Figure 2). This was predicted according to current practice.
    The weight percentages of n-paraffins in the fuel components were measured before mixing by gas chromatography, which are presented in Table 1. The weight percentages of n-paraffins were measured in the fuel compositions mixed by chromatography of gases (Table 2). The weight percentages of iso-paraffins in the fuel to be mixed were measured (Table 3). The percentages of the iso-paraffins in the mixed fuel compositions were measured (Table 4). In the mentioned mixtures, the cumulative sums of n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 9.18-7.78% by weight, the cumulative sums of iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 26.09-72.46% by weight and the relationships between the cumulative sum of iso-
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    C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 paraffins and the cumulative sum of n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 2.84-9., 1% by weight.
    Example 1
    When 20% by volume of a renewable fuel (Renewable F) with a turbidity point of -2 ° C with 80% by volume of a fossil component having a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C was mixed, it was achieved a cloud point lower than the cloud point of any of the components. This synergistic effect was achieved when the relationship between the cumulative sum of the iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 and the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 1.6. The cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 13.6% by weight. The cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins in the mixture was 21.87% by weight.
    Example 2
    When 40% by volume of a renewable fuel (Renewable F) having a turbidity point of -2 ° C with 60% by volume of a fossil component having a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C was mixed , a turbidity point lower than the turbidity point of either component was achieved. This synergistic effect was achieved when the relationship between the cumulative sum of the iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 and the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 1.9. The cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 17.6% by weight. The cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins in the mixture was 33.11% by weight.
    Example 3
    When 60% by volume of a renewable fuel (Renewable F) that had a turbidity point of -2 ° C with 40% by volume of a fossil component having a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C was mixed , a turbidity point was achieved lower than the turbidity point than any of the components. This synergistic effect was achieved when the relationship between the cumulative sum of the iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 and the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 2.05. The cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 21.55% by weight. The cumulative sum of iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18,
    C19 and C20 in the mixture was 44.4% by weight. Example 4
    When 80% by volume of a renewable fuel (Renewable F) having a turbidity point of -2 ° C with 20% by volume of a 5 fossil component having a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C was mixed , a turbidity point lower than the turbidity point of any of the components was achieved. This synergistic effect was achieved when the relationship between the cumulative sum of the iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 and the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 2.18. The cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 in the mixture was 25.5% by weight. The cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins in the mixture was 55.6% by weight.
    The tables set forth below indicate the data of comparative example 1 and examples 1-4. The weight percentages of the n-15 paraffins in the fuels that were mixed by gas chromatography were measured, and are shown in Table 1. The weight percentages of the n-paraffins in the fuel compositions mixed by chromatography were measured. of gases (Table 2). The weight percentages of the iso-paraffins in the fuels that were mixed by gas chromatography were measured (table 3). The weight percentages of the iso-paraffins in the mixed fuel compositions were measured (Table 4).
    Table 1.% by weight of n-paraffins of the fuel components.
     Carbon number n-paraffin  Renewable F Renewable G
     14  0.41 0.26
     fifteen  5.49 1.75
     16  9.57 2.21
     17  5.09 1.65
     18  8.83 1.44
     19  0.05 0.02
     twenty  0.06 0.01
    Table 2.% by weight of n-paraffins in the mixed fuel compositions.
     Num. C n- paraffin  20% Renov F 20% Renov G 40% Renov F 40% Renov. G 60% Renov. F 60% Renov. G 80% Renov. F 80% Renov. G
     14  1.15 1.12 0.97 0.91 0.78 0.69 0.59 0.47
     fifteen  2.31 1.57 3.11 1.61 3.90 1.66 4.69 1.70
     16  3.01 1.54 4.65 1.70 6.29 1.87 7.93 2.04
     17  2.23 1.54 2.94 1.57 3.66 1.60 4.38 1.62
     18  2.79 1.31 4.30 1.34 5.81 1.37 7.32 1.41
     19  1.12 1.12 0.86 0.84 0.59 0.57 0.32 0.29
     twenty  0.99 0.98 0.76 0.74 0.52 0.49 0.29 0.25
    Table 3.% by weight of iso-paraffins of the fuel components.
     Iso-paraffin carbon number  Renewable F Renewable G
     14  0.82 1.69
     fifteen  8.64 15.07
     16  18.83 24.92
     17  14.21 20.70
     18  23.80 24.97
     19  0.28 0.32
     twenty  0.26 0.24
    Table 4.% by weight of iso-paraffins in the mixed fuel compositions
     Carbon number i- paraffin  20% Renov. F 20% Renov. G 40% Renov. F 40% Renov. G 60% Renov. F 60% Renov. G 80% Renov. F 80% Renov. G
     14  1.55 1.72 1.37 1.71 1.19 1.70 1.00 1.69
     fifteen  2.95 4.24 4.37 6.95 5.80 9.65 7.22 12.36
     16  4.89 6.10 8.37 10.81 11.86 15.51 15.34 20.22
     17  4.08 5.38 6.61 9.21 9.14 13.04 11.68 16.87
     18  5.75 5.99 10.27 10.73 14.78 15.48 19.29 20.23
     19  1.52 1.53 1.21 1.23 0.90 0.93 0.59 0.63
     twenty  1.13 1.13 0.91 0.90 0.70 0.68 0.48 0.46
    In these examples the composition of the fossil component was such that the cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins was 10.63% by 5 weight, the cumulative sum of the C8 iso-paraffins , C9, C10, C11, C12 and C13 was 6.45% by weight, the cumulative sum of the iso-paraffins C21, C22, C23, C24, C25 and C26 was 3.13% by weight, the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 was 9.63% by weight, the cumulative sum of the 4-paraffins C8, C9, C10, C11, C12 and C13 was 3.84% by weight , the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C21, C22, C23, C24, C25 and C26 was 2.58% by weight.
    Comparative Example 2
    When 20% by volume, 40% by volume, 60% by volume and 80% by volume of a renewable fuel component with a cloud point - 35 ° C are mixed with a fossil fuel component with a cloud point of 5 , 5 ° C, 15 all the turbidity points of the mixtures were higher than those calculated according to the value of the weighted average of the turbidity points of the components. This was as predicted according to current practice. In the mentioned mixtures, the cumulative sums of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 8.41-4.50% by weight. The cumulative sums of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins were 26.25-76.25% by weight. The relationships between the sum
    cumulative of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins and the sum
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    Cumulative of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 3.1-17.0. The weight percentages of the iso and n-paraffins in the mixed fuel compositions were measured by gas chromatography.
    Comparative Example 3
    When mixing 20% by volume, 40% by volume, 60% by volume and 80% by volume of a renewable diesel fuel component with a turbidity point -27 ° C with a fossil fuel component with a turbidity point of - 5.5 ° C, all the turbidity points of the mixtures were higher than those calculated according to the value of the weighted average of the turbidity points of the components. This was as predicted according to current practice. In the mentioned mixtures, the cumulative sums of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 9.16-7.70% by weight, the cumulative sums of the iso-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 26.00-75.22% by weight and the ratios between the cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins and the cumulative sum of the n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 2.6-6.8. The weight percentages of the iso- and n-paraffins in the fuel compositions mixed by gas chromatography were measured.
    Comparative Example 4
    When 20% by volume, 40% by volume, 60% by volume and 80% by volume of a renewable diesel fuel component with a turbidity point of -23 ° C were mixed with a fossil fuel component with a turbidity point of -5.5 ° C, all the turbidity points of the mixtures were higher than those calculated according to the weighted average value of the turbidity points of the components. This was as predicted according to current practice. In all the mentioned mixtures, the cumulative sums of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 n-paraffins were 9.61-9.53% by weight, the cumulative sums of the C14, C15 iso-paraffins , C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 25.66-73.76% by weight and the ratios between the cumulative sum of the C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 iso-paraffins and the cumulative sum of n-paraffins C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 and C20 were 2.77.7. The weight percentages of the iso- and n-paraffins in the fuel compositions mixed by gas chromatography were measured.
    Comparative Example 5
    Two mineral diesel mixtures that fear different turbidity points were mixed. The turbidity points of the mixtures were measured according to the defined method
    EN 23015 and EN 116. Table 5 and Figure 1 respectively show the values of the turbidity points measured for mineral diesel mixtures. The linear values calculated in Table 5 are based on the linear behavior, that is, a weighted average of the turbidity points of the components. The linear behavior is the average of the turbidity points and, in other words, it is carried out by weighing the turbidity points of the components according to the percentage by volume of the components in the mixture. The analyzes show that a poorer turbidity point dominates.
    Table 5. Turbidity points of mineral diesel mixtures.
     Volume percentage (%) of diesel with a cloud point -27.8 ° C  Volume percentage (%) of diesel with a turbidity point -4.3 ° C% Turbidity point of the mixture ° C (measured) Turbidity point of the mixture ° C (linear calculation)
     80%  20% -18.8 -23.1
     60%  40% -13.3 -18.4
     40%  60% -9.5 -13.7
     twenty%  80% -6.4 -9.0
    10
    Figure 1 shows the components with poorer turbidity point values that dominates in mineral diesel mixtures. The term "poorer" refers to a temperature value above the cloud point or the cold clogging point and the term "better" means a temperature value below 15 cloud point or the cloud point. cold filter obstruction.
    Example 5
    Compositions of renewable hydrotreated vegetable oil with different cold properties were mixed with mineral diesel in different volumes. The turbidity points and / or the cold filter obstruction points of the mixtures were measured through the methods defined in EN 23015 and EN 116 and are shown in Table 6. It can be seen that mixing produced points of turbidity and cold filter obstruction points lower, that is to say better than those observed by calculating the weighted average of the turbidity points of the components. In some cases, the mixture had cold properties even better than the properties
    cold of its components separately. The measured turbidity points were even more than 3 ° C better compared to the calculated weighted average of cold properties. Likewise, the cold filter obstruction points were better in the mixtures than in the net mineral fuel.
    5 Table 6. Turbidity points and filter obstruction points in cold diesel ore and mixtures of renewable hydrotreated vegetable oil diesel.
     Turbidity point, ° C (measured) Cold filter obstruction point, ° C (measured) Weighted average turbidity point Weighted average cold filter obstruction point, ° C Difference of component turbidity point, ° C
     Renewable A  6.5 4
     Diesel 1  -4.3 -6
     20% Renewable A + 80% Diesel 1  -5.5 -8 -2.1 -4 10.8
     Diesel 2  -5.1 -6
     20% Renewable A + 80% Diesel 2  -6.1 -9 -2.8 -4 11.6
     Diesel 3  -3.8 -5
     20% Renewable A + 80% Diesel 3  -4.8 -7 -1.7 -3.2 10.3

     Renewable B  -2.0 -5
     Diesel 1  -4.3 -6
     20% Renewable B + 80% Diesel 1  -5.6 -9 -3.8 -5.8 2.3
     Diesel 2  -5.1 -6
     20% Renewable B + 80% Diesel 2  -6.3 -8 -4.5 -5.8 3.1
     Diesel 3  -3.8 -5
     20% Renewable B + 80% Diesel 3  -5.0 -7 -3.4 -5 1.8

     Renewable C  -1.1 -4
     Diesel 2  -5.1 -6
     20% Renewable C + 80% Diesel 2  -6.4 -8 -4.3 -5.6 4

     Renewable D  -15.3 -15
     Diesel 4  -28.0 -29
     20% Renewable D + 80% Diesel 4  -28.5 -36 -25.5 -26.2 12.7
     40% Renewable D + 60% Diesel 4  -26.3 -27 -22.9 -23.4 12.7
     50% Renewable D + 50% Diesel 4  -24.8 -24 -21.7 -22 12.7
     60% Renewable D + 40% Diesel 4  -22.5 -23 -20.4 -20.6 12.7
     80% Renewable D + 20% Diesel 4  -19.1 -19 -17.8 -17.8 12.7
     Diesel 5  -28.4 -28
     20% Renewable D + 80% Diesel 5  -26.8 -29 -25.8 -25.4 13.1
     Diesel 5  -28.4 -28
     50% Renewable D + 50% Diesel 5  -23.4 -23 -21.9 -21.5 13.1

     Renewable H  -9.8 -12
     Diesel 8  -3.9 -15
     80% Renewable H + 20% Diesel 8  -11.8 -8.6 5.9
     60% Renewable H + 40% Diesel 8  -10.9 -7.4 5.9
     40% Renewable H + 60% Diesel 8  -8.1 -7.0 5.9
     20% Renewable H + 80% Diesel 8  -5.7 -5.1 5.9
    In contrast to the turbidity point value, the value of the cold filter blockage point can be improved with additives to improve the cold flow which are normally ethylene vinyl polyacetates, ie, poly-EVA. Other typical additives are 5 agents to improve lubricity and agents to improve electrical conductivity. Diesel 6 and Diesel 8 include agents to improve cold flow.
    Example 6
    A 7% fatty acid methyl ester was added to 100% hydrotreated vegetable oil diesel (Renewable E) or its mixture with mineral diesel (Diesel 6). The turbidity points and the weighted average of the turbidity media 5 calculated from the mixture of Diesel 6 and Renewable were measured with the addition of fatty acid methyl ester.
    Table 7. Turbidity points and weighted average of the calculated turbidity points of the mixture of mineral diesel (Diesel 6) and diesel of renewable hydrotreated vegetable oil (Renewable E) with the addition of fatty acid methyl ester.
     Turbidity point, ° C (measured) Weighted average of turbidity points of Diesel 6 and Renewable E Difference of turbidity point of fossil and renewable diesel components, ° C
     Renewable E  -10
     Diesel 6  -5
     80% Renewable E + 20% Diesel 6  -11.8 -9 5
     60% Renewable E + 40% Diesel 6  -10.9 -8 5
     7% fatty acid methyl ester and 93% Renewable E + 0% Diesel 6  -9 -10 5
     7% fatty acid methyl ester and 93% mixture of 80% Renewable E + 20% Diesel 6  -10.8 -9 5
     7% ester of fatty acid and 93% mixture of 60% Renewable E + 40% Diesel 6  -10.5 -8 5
    10 In Example 7, the difference in the cloud point between Diesel 6 and e
    Renewable E is 5 ° C. The results demonstrate that the fatty acid methyl ester as a mixing component causes a poorer turbidity point, but mixing according to the present invention can alleviate this effect. Therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, mixing up to 7% by volume of fatty acid methyl ester with renewable fuel blending fuel and the mineral distillate according to revindication 1, is You can get a cloud point, which is lower than the weighted average of its components. Said cloud point may be even lower than that of each of the components separately.
    10 For those specialized in the technique it will be clear that as
    Advancing technology, it is possible to implement the concept of the invention in several ways. The object of the described embodiments can be combined in any way or permutation. The same applies to the object of all dependent claims that may be used in any combination to limit the independent claims. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described, but may vary within the scope of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
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    1. A mixture of diesel fuels comprising a mixture of a renewable fuel component and a medium distillation mineral fuel component, in which the renewable fuel component and the medium distillation mineral fuel component are present in a ratio of quantities in volume from 10:90 to 90:10 and the mixture of diesel fuels contains 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 such that the ratio between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2 .
    [2]
    2. A mixture of diesel fuels according to claim 1, wherein the renewable fuel component and the medium distillation mineral fuel component have turbidity points that differ by maximum 17 ° C, preferably 13 ° C at most
    [3]
    3. A mixture of diesel fuels according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the ratio between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is 1.1 to 2.2.
    [4]
    4. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture of diesel fuels has from 22% by weight to 55% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20.
    [5]
    5. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the medium distillation mineral fuel component is derived from selected sources among crude oil, shale oil and combinations thereof.
    [6]
    6. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the mineral fuel component of
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    [7]
    7. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the new raw material for the renewable fuel component is selected from vegetable oils / fats, animal fats / oils, fish fats / oils, contained fats in plants generated by genetic manipulation, recycled fats from the food industry and combinations thereof.
    [8]
    8. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the renewable fuel component and the medium distillation mineral fuel component are present in a ratio of volume quantities from 20:80 to 80:20 .
    [9]
    9. A mixture of diesel fuels according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the isomerization ratio of the renewable fuel component is at least 50%, preferably 50 to 69%, more preferably at least 60% and most preferably from 60 to 69%.
    [10]
    10. A method of preparing a mixture of diesel fuels that has enhanced cold properties comprising:
    (a) select a renewable fuel component and a medium distillation mineral fuel component that have turbidity points that differ by a maximum of 17 ° C, preferably a maximum of 13 ° C; Y
    (b) mixing the renewable fuel component and the medium distillation mineral fuel component in a ratio of volume quantities from 10:90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels,
    wherein the mixture of diesel fuels contains 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and an amount of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 such that the ratio between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of the iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 is less than 2.2; and the mixture of diesel fuels has a turbidity point below the weighted average of the points of
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    turbidity of the medium distillation mineral component and the renewable fuel component.
    [11]
    11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the mixture of diesel fuels has a relationship between the sum of the amounts by weight% of the iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of the n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 which is 1.1 to 2.2.
    [12]
    12. A method according to any of claims 10 or 11, wherein the mixture of diesel fuels has from 22% by weight to 55% by weight of iso-paraffins in the range of C14-C20.
    [13]
    13. A method according to any of claims 10-12, wherein the new raw material of the renewable fuel is selected from vegetable oils / fats, animal fats / oils, fats / fish oils, fats contained in plants generated by genetic manipulation, recycled fats from the food industry and combinations thereof.
    [14]
    14. A method according to any of claims 10-13, wherein the isomerization ratio of the renewable fuel component is at least 50%, preferably 50 to 69%, more preferably at least 60% being more preferred from 60 to 69%.
    [15]
    15. A method according to any of claims 10-14, wherein the diesel fuel mixture has a cloud point that is lower than the cloud point of the medium distillation mineral fuel component.
    [16]
    16. A method according to any of claims 10-14, wherein the diesel fuel mixture has a turbidity point that is lower than the turbidity point of the renewable fuel component.
    [17]
    17. A use of a renewable fuel to reduce the turbidity point of a
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    (a) determine the turbidity point of a medium distillation mineral fuel;
    (b) select a renewable fuel that has the following properties:
    (i) a cloud point that differs by 17 ° C maximum from the cloud point of the medium distillation mineral fuel;
    (ii) an amount of n-paraffins sufficient to provide a mixture of diesel fuels containing 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the medium distillation mineral fuel ; Y
    (iii) an amount of iso-paraffins in the C14-C20 range sufficient to provide a mixture of diesel fuels having a ratio between the sum of the amounts by weight of iso-paraffins in the C14-C20 range and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the C14-C20 range of 1.1 to 2.2 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the medium distillation mineral fuel; Y
    (c) mixing the renewable fuel with the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of quantities in volume from 10:90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels that has a turbidity point that is lower than the point of turbidity of medium distillation mineral fuel.
    [18]
    18. A use of a medium distillation mineral fuel to reduce the turbidity point of a renewable fuel comprising:
    (a) determine the turbidity point of a renewable fuel;
    (b) select an average mineral distillate that has the following properties:
    (i) a cloud point that differs by 17 ° C maximum from the cloud point of renewable fuel;
    (ii) an amount of n-paraffins sufficient to provide a mixture of diesel fuels containing 10-25% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14-C20 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the medium distillation mineral fuel ; Y
    (iii) an amount of iso-paraffins in the C14-C20 range sufficient to
    provide a mixture of diesel fuels that has a relationship between the sum of the amounts in% by weight of iso-paraffins in the C14-C20 range and the sum of the amounts in% by weight of n-paraffins in the range of C14 -C20 from 1.1 to 2.2 when the renewable fuel is mixed with the 5 medium distillation mineral fuel; Y
    (c) mixing the renewable fuel with the medium distillation mineral fuel in a ratio of quantities in volume from 10:90 to 90:10 to form a mixture of diesel fuels that has a turbidity point that is lower than the point of turbidity of renewable fuel.
    10 19. A mixture of diesel fuels that has enhanced cold properties
    which can be obtained by a method according to one of claims 10 to 16 or by use according to claims 17 or 18.
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    FR3062391B1|2021-05-14|
    FR3108334A1|2021-09-24|
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    FI20175074|2017-01-27|
    FI20175074A|FI127307B|2017-01-27|2017-01-27|Refined fuel compositions and methods for their preparation|
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